在hadoop3.2.2环境下初始化hive-3.1.2时报了如下错误：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument(ZLjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;)V
        at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.set(Configuration.java:1357)
        at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.set(Configuration.java:1338)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf.setJar(JobConf.java:536)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf.setJarByClass(JobConf.java:554)
        at org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf.<init>(JobConf.java:448)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.initialize(HiveConf.java:5141)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.conf.HiveConf.<init>(HiveConf.java:5104)
        at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.<init>(HiveSchemaTool.java:96)
        at org.apache.hive.beeline.HiveSchemaTool.main(HiveSchemaTool.java:1473)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:323)
        at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:236)

这是由guava包版本冲突引起的，解决办法是将hadoop中的高版本jar包复制到hive下

# 将hadoop中的高版本guava包复制到hive下
cp $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar $HIVE_HOME/lib
# 移动hive下原本的低版本guava包
mv guava-19.0.jar guava-19.0.jar.bak

Q.E.D.